A Comparison of the Locus of Control, Unreasonable Beliefs and Religious Orientation in Divorce and Ordinary Women in Ardabil in 2016

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: Family is the core of every society and the center of mental health and care satisfying the emotional, physical and spiritual needs of its members. Various factors can sustain this foundation. Some of these factors include probably the locus of control, irrational beliefs, and religious orientation. On this basis, the purpose of the present study was to compare the locus of control, irrational beliefs and religious orientation divorced women in Ardabil in 2016.Methods: The study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population included all women asking for divorce, who referred to the Ardabil Justice in 2016. The sample population included 50 women applying for divorce and 50 normal women selected based on available sampling method. The participants completed the Rutter Control Questionnaire, Jones's irrational beliefs and Alport's religious orientation questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. All ethical considerations have been observed in the present study and the authors of the article reported no conflict of interest.Results: The results of analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the women applying for divorce and normal women in the control variables (p<0.001), religious orientation (p<0.001), irrational beliefs (p<0.003), and its components including emotional irresponsibility (P<0.001), problem avoidance (p<0.001), expectation of approval from others (p<0.001), and helplessness against change (p<0.001).Conclusion: The results were indicative of a significant difference between women seeking divorce and normal women in variables of locus of control, irrational beliefs and religious orientation. Therefore, it is suggested that educational programs and workshops be organized to reduce divorces in women in order to properly manage the locus of control, irrational beliefs, and religious orientation.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Please cite this article as: Sadri Damirchi E, Mojarrad A, Pirgholi Kivi M. A Comparison of the Locus of Control, Unreasonable Beliefs and Religious Orientation in Divorce and Ordinary Women in Ardabil in 2016. Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020; 5(4):73-87. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i4.1713

Role of Performance in the Stroop Test in Anticipation of Anxiety and Aggression in the Elderly in Ardabil

Objectives Currently, the life expectancy of the elderly has been rising considerably. The present study investigated the role of strop function in the prediction of anxiety and fall self-efficacy  in elderly at the city of Ardabil. Methods & Materials The study design was correlational. The population cohort consisted of all elderly males living in the elderly homes in Ardabil in2017. Among these, a sample of 200 subjects was selected by the available sampling method. The anxiety, fall self-efficacy, and Stroop questionnaires were used for data collection. The data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis. Results A significant relationship was observed between anxiety/fall self-efficacy and Strop function. Stroop’s performance could negatively predict anxiety as well as predict the fall self-efficacy in the elderly. Conclusion The performance of Stroop test in the elderly could be improved by training classes and various treatment groups that can indirectly decrease the amount of anxiety and increase the fall self-efficacy in the elderly

The Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral and Existential Methods on Reducing Test Anxiety in Nursing Students

Introduction: Test anxiety is now one of the most common types of anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of cognitive‐behavioral and existential methods on reducing test anxiety in nursing students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest-posttest design with control group. Statistical population consisted of all nursing students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Sarason’s test anxiety questionnaire (pretest) was first administered to 500 nursing students. Of those found to have test anxiety, 45 students were selected by random sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (two experimental groups and one control group). The first group received cognitive‐behavioral therapy and the second group received existential psychotherapy for six 50-minute sessions. The control group received no intervention. Sarason’s test anxiety questionnaire was administered once again (posttest) to all of the participants, and the collected data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistical tests and ANCOVA. Results: The mean and standard deviation of anxiety scores were 16.20±2.30 (pretest) and 13.33±10.3 (posttest) in the cognitive-behavioral therapy group, 17.06±2.63 (pretest) and 14.73±34.3 (posttest) in the existential psychotherapy group, and 16.68+54.7 (pretest) and 17.33±41.3 (posttest) in the control group. Analysis of covariance showed that the posttest anxiety mean scores (F=10.17, p=0.001) were significantly different in the three groups. Conclusion: Results of the study suggest that proper planning and timely implementation of cognitive-behavioral and existential therapies can prevent the consequences of anxiety in students

مقارنة بين موضع السيطرة والمعتقدات غير المنطقية والتوجه الديني لدى النساء الراغبات في الطلاق وغيرهن في مدينة اردبيل عام 2016

سابقه و هدف: خانواده اصلی­ترین هسته‌ی هر جامعه و کانون حفظ سلامت و بهداشت روانی و تأمین­کننده‌ی نیازهای عاطفی، مادی و معنوی اعضای خود است. عوامل مختلفی می­تواند موجب حفظ و بقای این بنیان شود که احتمالاً منبع کنترل، باورهای غیرمنطقی و جهت­گیری مذهبی جزئی از آنها است. بر این اساس، هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه‌ی منبع کنترل، باورهای غیرمنطقی و جهت­گیری مذهبی در زنان متقاضی طلاق و عادی شهر اردبیل در سال 1395 بود. روش کار: روش این پژوهش توصیفی از نوع علّی-مقایسه­یی است. جامعه‌ی آماری پژوهش شامل تمامی زنان متقاضی طلاق مراجعه‌کننده به دادگستری شهر اردبیل طی سال 1395؛ و نمونه‌ی مطالعه شامل 50 نفر از زنان متقاضی طلاق و 50 نفر از زنان عادی بود که به روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. آزمودنی­ها پرسش‌نامه‌های منبع کنترل راتر، باورهای غیرمنطقی جونز و جهت­گیری مذهبی آلپورت را تکمیل کردند. داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده با استفاده از روش­ آماری تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیّره تجزیه و تحلیل شد. در پژوهش حاضر همه‌ی موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است و مؤلفان مقاله هیچ­گونه تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده­اند. یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که در متغیّرهای منبع کنترل (001/0>p)، جهت­گیری مذهبی (001/0>p)، باورهای غیرمنطقی (003/0>p) و مؤلفه­های آن شامل بی‌مسئولیتی هیجانی (001/0>p)، اجتناب از مشکل (001/0>p)، توقع تأیید از دیگران (001/0>p) و درماندگی در مقابل تغییر (001/0>p) بین دو گروه زنان متقاضی طلاق و عادی تفاوت معنادار وجود داشت. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان می­دهد که بین زنان متقاضی طلاق و عادی در متغیّرهای منبع کنترل، باورهای غیرمنطقی و جهت­گیری مذهبی تفاوت معنادار وجود داشت. بنابراین، پیشنهاد می­شود به منظور کاهش طلاق در زنان، برای مدیریت صحیح منبع کنترل، باورهای غیرمنطقی و جهت­گیری مذهبی برنامه­ها و کارگاه­های آموزشی تدوین شود. استناد مقاله به این صورت است: Sadri Damirchi E, Mojarrad A, Pirgholi Kivi M. A Comparison of the Locus of Control, Unreasonable Beliefs and Religious Orientation in Divorce and Ordinary Women in Ardabil in 2016. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020; 5(4):73-87. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i4.17138Background and Objective: Family is the core of every society and the center of mental health and care satisfying the emotional, physical and spiritual needs of its members. Various factors can sustain this foundation. Some of these factors include probably the locus of control, irrational beliefs, and religious orientation. On this basis, the purpose of the present study was to compare the locus of control, irrational beliefs and religious orientation divorced women in Ardabil in 2016. Methods: The study was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population included all women asking for divorce, who referred to the Ardabil Justice in 2016. The sample population included 50 women applying for divorce and 50 normal women selected based on available sampling method. The participants completed the Rutter Control Questionnaire, Jones's irrational beliefs and Alport's religious orientation questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. All ethical considerations have been observed in the present study and the authors of the article reported no conflict of interest. Results: The results of analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the women applying for divorce and normal women in the control variables (P<0.001), religious orientation (P<0.001), irrational beliefs (P<0.003), and its components including emotional irresponsibility (P<0.001), problem avoidance (P<0.001), expectation of approval from others (P<0.001), and helplessness against change (P<0.001). Conclusion: The results were indicative of a significant difference between women seeking divorce and normal women in variables of locus of control, irrational beliefs and religious orientation. Therefore, it is suggested that educational programs and workshops be organized to reduce divorces in women in order to properly manage the locus of control, irrational beliefs, and religious orientation.   Please cite this article as: Sadri-Damirchi E, Mojarrad A, Pirgholi-Kivi M. A Comparison of the Locus of Control, Unreasonable Beliefs and Religious Orientation in Divorce and Ordinary Women in Ardabil in 2016. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;5(4):73-87. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i4.17138خلفية البحث وأهدافه: تعتبر الاسرة الجوهر الأساسي في كل مجتمع والمحور الرئيسي للحفاظ على الصحة والسلامة النفسية وهي التي توفر الاحتياجات العاطفية والمادية والمعنوية لأفرادها. هناك عوامل مختلفة بامكانها ان تؤدي الى حفظ وبقاء هذا الاساس الذي قد يكون موضع السيطرة والمعتقدات غير المنطقية والتوجه الديني جزئاً منه. ومن هذا المنطلق فالغرض من هذه الدراسة، مقارنه موضع السيطرة والمعتقدات غير المعقولة والتوجه الديني في النساء الراغبات في الطلاق وغيرهن في مدينة اردبيل عام 2016. منهجية البحث: لقد استخدم المنهج السببي والمقارن في هذا البحث الوصفي. واشتمل المجتمع الاحصائي على جميع النساء الراغبات في الطلاق اللواتي راجعن محكمة مدينة اردبيل خلال عام 2016. تم اختيار عينة البحث من 50 مرأة طالبة الطلاق و50 مرأة غير طالبة وذلك بطريقة اخذ العينات المتاحة. أكملت المشاركات في الاختبار، استبيانات موضع السيطرة لـ"روتر" المعتقدات غير المنطقية لـ"جونز" والتوجه الديني لـ"البورت". وقد تم تحليل البيانات وتجزئتها باستخدام تحليل التباين متعدد المتغيرات. تمت مراعاة جميع الموارد الاخلاقية في هذا البحث واضافة الى هذا، فإن مؤلفي البحث لم يشيروا الى اي تضارب في المصالح. الكشوفات: أظهرت نتائج تحليل التباين أنه كان هناك فارق كبير في متغيرات موضع التحكم (001/0>P)، والتوجه الديني (001/0>P)، والمعتقدات غير المنطقية (003/0>P) ومكوناته بما في ذلك عدم المسؤولية العاطفية (001/0>P)، تجنب المشكلة (001/0>P)، توقع كسب الموافقة من الآخرين (001/0>P)، والعجز في مواجهة التغییر (001/0>P) بين مجموعتي النساء الراغبات في الطلاق وغيرهن. الاستنتاج: تظهر النتائج أن هناك فرقاً كبيراً بين النساء الراغبات في الطلاق والعاديات في متغيرات موضع السيطرة والمعتقدات غير المنطقية والتوجه الديني. لذلك، يُقترح تصميم برامج وورش عمل تعليمية للحد من حالات الطلاق في النساء، وإدارة موضع السيطرة والمعتقدات غير المنطقية والتوجه الديني بشكل صحيح.   يتم استناد المقالة على الترتيب التالي: Sadri-Damirchi E, Mojarrad A, Pirgholi-Kivi M. A Comparison of the Locus of Control, Unreasonable Beliefs and Religious Orientation in Divorce and Ordinary Women in Ardabil in 2016. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2020;5(4):73-87. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i4.17138 &nbsp